As is the case for the various concepts that belong to the psychology or education, the concept of education knew several definitions are difficult to restrict them all, but it can offer comprehensive definition and accepted the following: Learning is the activity by which the gain of the individual knowledge, attitudes and skills by which a full needs and motives.
The most important elements Learning: There is status of education, and an educated person, and the subject of learning; and conditions of learning are: maturity and training, where maturity is linked to growth and training related to education;
motivation: to learn without a stimulus for learning and encourage demand for it, the subject of learning, which may be an ideas or OK ....; or skills and then learning situation.
Behavioral learning theory Le béhaviorisme Affected by the behavioral school, especially with Watson, Bavkarturndiac Thorrndikle Which believes that learning is The process of creating links or relationships in the nervous system between the nerves raised by the internal clock is interesting, and motor nerves that stimulate the muscles thus giving responses to the movement.
I think that the laws of the mechanism of learning can be received by the two laws two grounds: the law of Maran (or training), that links piety use and weakened by omission continued; then the law of effect, which means that these links will strengthen and gain an advantage over others and lead to the issuance of satisfaction from the position if the positive results.
It is also the inspiration Behaviorism Pavlov, who noted that whenever a police officer accompanied by interesting psychological drive, however, and formed the conditional emotional response, and felt that the police repellent stimuli are critical barriers to learning and Anebena Typical responses.
The most important concepts that can be found in the theory of procedural learning, especially with Skinner: the concept of behavior: is by Skinner, a group responses caused by stimuli external environment natural or social; the concept is interesting and the response: so that there is a semi-mechanical between stimuli and responses issued by the human being; the concept of procedure: procedural conduct or the actor also called the view of the effects of the concrete in the environment; concept Stipulation procedural: conditioning motion based on the basis of the secretion response to the stimulus of another; the concept of reinforcement and punishment: the use of positive reinforcement to build the behaviors desired. and the use of Derek punishment for unwanted behavior; the concept of learning: it is according to this school.
the process of semi-permanent change in the behavior of the individual arises as a result of practice and shows the change in the performance of the organism.
And learning by Skinner is Anebena behavioral responses as patterns change emergency on the behavior of the individual and that can be perpetuated by conditioning motion.
We can restrict the principles of learning as procedural theory (behavioral) in: learning is the product of the relationship between the experiences of the learner and the change in the responses; learning combined with the results and the concept of reinforcement; learning is associated with behavior motion to be built; learning is built to promote performances close to the stereotyped behavior; learning is associated with punishment learning negative.
The most important manifestation of the theory of learning behavior in the educational field as follows: Binamoaagaf teaching-learning is to first select the clips responses procedural and control modes of direct support where we find two dimensions are interlinked: After the knowledge content which is subject to four limitations: limited excitement, and a specific offer systemic of the material, and specific proportionality and adaptation, and specific strengthening of the immediate; then Anebena procedural behaviors as the goal of learning, where these behaviors are observable, control and measurement. These principles and concepts about learning, as formulated by the behavioral school, we will find echoed in Applied Pedagogy of the goals, as we will see later.
التسميات
Pedagogy