The interactive is one of the main topics on which social theory, in the analysis of social patterns.
It starts with the level of small units (MICRO ), Building them to understand the major units, meaning that they begin with individuals and their behavior as an entry point for understanding the social pattern. Acts of individuals to become fixed to form a structure of roles; can be considered in these roles in terms of the expectations of human beings towards one another in terms of meanings and symbols. And becomes the focus either on the structures and formats of social roles, or the behavior of role and social action.
Although she sees social structures implicitly, as the structures of the roles the same way as ParsonsParsons However, it does not occupy the same analysis at the level of patterns, as far as interest in symbolic interaction formed through language, meanings, and mental images,
Based on the important fact is that the individual must understand the roles of others.
The owners of the interactive theory they begin their study of the educational system of the classroom (a place of social action). The relationship in the classroom, pupils and teacher, is a critical relationship; because the truth can be negotiated in the classroom, with students aware of the fact that they are skilled or stupid or lazy. In light of these categories of students and teachers interact with each other, where it will have in the end, success or failure of education.
And representatives of the theory is interactive:
* George Herbert Mead George H . Mead (1863-1931):
Mead has analyzed the communication process, and classified into two categories: symbolic communication, and communication is symbolic. For the communication code, it clearly confirms the use of ideas and concepts, and thus the language of importance to the communication process between people in different situations, and therefore the social order is the result of acts which are made by members of the community, and suggests that the meaning is not imposed on them, but is the subject under to negotiate and trade between individuals.
* Herbert H. Plummer Blumer (1900-1986):
He agrees with George Meade, the symbolic interaction that is the hallmark of human interaction, and that the special feature involves the translation of symbols and events of individuals and their actions exchanged. The hypotheses outlined in the following points:
• Human beings act toward things based on what those things mean to them.
• These meanings are the product of human social interaction.
• These meanings mutated and modified, and are traded through the process of interpretation used by every individual in dealing with signals that it faces.
* Irving Geoffman ErvingGoffman (1922-1982 ):
Was brought to its attention to the entrance of the development of interactive patterns is to analyze the social, confirming that the interaction - and especially type normative and moral - is a voluntary mental impression, which is within the scope of the confrontation, and that the information contribute to the definition of the situation, and clarify the expectations of the role.
Theoretical terms is interactive:
- Interaction: a series of reciprocal and continuous communication between the individual and the individual, with a group or individual, or group with the group.
- Flexibility: It means the human capacity to act in a way that the conditions one at a time, and a different way at another time, and in a manner different in the third chance.
- Symbols: a set of artificial signals, used by people with each other to facilitate the communication process, a special feature of the human person. Include the language of George Mead, and when Plummer meanings, and when Geoffman impressions and mental images.
Self-awareness: the ability of a human role, to which the outlook of others for our behavior in certain circumstances, serve as the text must obituary so we represent, in the words of Geoffman.
التسميات
Pedagogy