Established the fortress of Sultan Malik al-Ashraf Abu Al-Nasr Bey Mahmoudi year 882 AH / 1477 AD place Mannar Alexandria old when the eastern end of the island of Pharos, this was Al-Manar had been destroyed after an earthquake in 702 AH days of King al-Nasir Muhammad, who is restored but destroyed after that After several years until destroyed all its parts Year 777 AH / 1375 AD.
When he visited the Sultan Qaitbay City Alexandria in 882 AH / 1477 AD went to the site of the old Manar and ordered to build on the basis of the old tower, later known as Castle or bishop Bey construction was completed after two years from the date of construction.
Because Bey Citadel in Alexandria is one of the most important castles on the coast of the Mediterranean Sea has cared Sultans
The rulers of Egypt over the historical eras in the Mamluk era, we find Sultan Qansuh Ghouri interested in this castle great interest and increased the strength of its garrison and shipped weapons and gear,
Since taking Muhammad Ali Pasha ruled Egypt and work to fortify Egypt and especially coasts North stood renew walls castle and add some business out of the suit and development of defense of the nineteenth century AD was to strengthen the walls and the renewal of buildings and providing guns coastal addition to the construction of many Ataiwabi and forts that spread along the coast Egypt's northern.
Architectural planning of the castle:
Bey Citadel was built on an area of 17550 square meters was built on the walls of the castle area and foreign military Astgamatha It is a set of walls built to further fortify the castle.
These fences is Surin great of huge stones that surround the castle from the outside and the inside has been prepared to protect the castle, Valsor first is the outer wall and the castle is surrounded on all four sides Valdila east of the wall overlooking the sea and a width of two meters and a height of eight meters and peppered any Towers The rib Western It is a wall huge thick larger than the rest of the walls of the castle peppered three round towers and is this fence oldest remaining parts, while the southern side it overlooks the port of East and peppered three round towers and strikethrough door, while the northern side Fatal directly on the sea and is divided into two parts the bottom of it a large tiled corridor built over the rock directly into rooms in the upper part is a narrow corridor with holes overlooking the sea.
The walls of Interior showed the stone and surrounded the tower's main all part except the north and permeates this wall from the inside group of cabins adjacent prepared barracks for Soldiers and are free of any slots except door openings and slots Mzagl allocated to be openings for ventilation of hand and Kfathat to defend the other hand.
The main tower of the castle, it is located North West aspect of the area of the castle and the castle's main tower is a building of three floors planned square in shape come from every corner of the four corners round tower that rises from the surface of the main tower was built the hard limestone tower.
التسميات
Egypt